Do you know the workforce behind the supply and disposal of water in homes and buildings? Or do you have any idea how ventilation, heating and air conditioning systems work? All these essential functions are achieved thanks to pipes.
Through this efficient pipe structure, water and energy are efficiently distributed in domestic and commercial spaces. As a result, there are many types of plumbing pipes on the market, although when it comes to the most common pipe material, this can be subjective.
Therefore, we have gathered all the best options to help you decide. What’s more, we’ve categorized them according to their major components – metal and plastic – as well as included their key features for easy reference.
The most common pipe materials
In terms of cost and convenience, most owners and plumbers would choose the metal pipe options. In addition, high-quality metal-based pipes are widely recognized for their durability, which lasts for many years.
So, if you are interested in something that would work for decades, check out our list below and choose the most suitable option according to your needs.
1. Copper
Sanitary ware has constantly evolved to keep up with user preferences. Despite the changes, there is one traditional class of pipe that continues to be valuable in the plumbing industry. And one of the very recognizable types of pipes is none other than copper.
Durability is a major feature that makes copper stand out from the rest pipe components. It ensures that there are no leaks or even corrosion in sanitary systems. Moreover, it does not pollute the water, guaranteeing top sanitation in the household.
In addition, copper is resistant to heat, which means that it is suitable for water supply pipes. Due to its durability, it can withstand both hot and cold water.
On the other hand, copper is expensive compared to other pipe materials. In addition, there may be additional soldering or additional fittings depending on the configuration. And since copper is quite valuable, it is more prone to theft.
2. brass
Before copper pipe became the standard in plumbing, brass was widely used for piping. Red brass, in particular, is the most popular due to its high copper content. Apart from that, brass is known for its robustness and resistance to corrosion and even heat.
Despite the similarities in their physical properties, the two popular pipe materials have certain differences. Compared to copper, brass features a softer composition, allowing it to provide lightweight yet tight seals.
Brass can also be more risky because of the possible lead contamination, which can cause health problems. Thus, it is necessary to thoroughly check whether the alloy does not contain this harmful chemical element. And while brass is a durable piping material, it may not be as durable as copper.
3. Cast iron
Moving forward, we have cast iron, a heavy and sturdy metal pipe that is recognized for its rough and spotty characteristics. It is actually the strongest in terms of physical characteristics, so it is generally used for waste pipes and drainage with high water pressure.
Its robust properties ensure efficient waste extraction. In addition, it reduces the unpleasant sound that flows from the sewer pipes. But also due to its robust components, cutting this type of pipe can be a challenge. A strong and sharp cutting tool is needed to split the pipes accordingly.
In addition, cast iron pipes are susceptible to corrosion and rust build-up. Therefore, it is no longer so prevalent in the majority residential sanitary installations and commercial buildings. However, it remains a viable option in today’s major water distribution systems.
4. Chromated copper / Brass
Chrome tubes are mainly copper or brass pipes with a chrome finish. To better distinguish the two, let’s discuss their basic characteristics, starting with chrome copper. A chrome-plated copper tube is often used on water supply lines that are exposed such as the supply tubes for a pedestal sink or toilet.
Meanwhile, chromed brass can be used for P-traps and other drains that require an attractive exterior. It also has a larger diameter than the copper version. In short, chrome pipes are suitable for exposed water distribution systems and drain traps where physical appearance is important.
And if you’re wondering what chromed materials they look like, well, they’re alive and shiny. As for the cutting aspect, the chrome pipes are easily cut with a hacksaw. If you don’t have one, cutting it can definitely be a challenge.
5. Galvanized steel
This silver gray metal pipe was very popular in the past. It has often been used in many traditional homes for drain lines and water supply systems. Unfortunately, its fame has been overtaken by its negative properties, which include the relevant acquisition of rust from its zinc coating.
As a result, many residential buildings are moving away from galvanized steel for sanitation purposes. There is also a high possibility of clogging over time due to corroded pipes. Not only that, but this special pipe material is difficult to cut and fit.
A hacksaw or reciprocating saw is a must to cut the surface. Thus, it is not a favorite among homeowners who would do DIY water system repairs or even plumbers who are setting up new pipe construction.
6. Stainless steel
Another durable option is steel pipe, which is widely used coastal cities which are more likely to experience corrosion. Stainless steel pipes pride themselves on being corrosion resistant, making them popular in many piping systems.
However, if it is constantly exposed to chemicals, heat, moisture and other factors for a long period of time, then you cannot expect that stainless steel will not rust. In addition to being robust, stainless steel can also be manufactured to be either firm or flexible. Its flexibility factor increases its popularity among homeowners.
In addition, stainless steel pipes generally come in different sizes. From now on, you have the freedom to choose the perfect length without doing the hard work of cutting the pipes yourself. However, the disadvantage of this pipe material comes from its expensive cost.
7. Lead
Lead pipes used to be prevalent, but were cut short in the 1950s. One of the main reasons is because of possible lead contamination from its physical components. Lead poisoning is very dangerous because it causes reproductive health problems and even cognitive problems.
And despite the fact that they are less dangerous when it comes to lead drain pipes, many no longer use this as part of their plumbing systems. Therefore, if you have lead pipes at home, it is better to check them for repairs. In addition, it is best to replace them to avoid long-term health problems.
Why are plastic-based pipes recommended?
Along with metal tubes, there has been steady growth in popularity between the plastic pipes. Therefore, it is important to know the most demanded plastic tubes that you can maximize in your household.
1. PVC
PVC, or polyvinyl chloride, is undoubtedly one of the most recommended pipe materials. In fact, it is considered a standard in terms of the system of waste pipes, along with copper. Therefore, you can find this material in most sinks, shower drains and toilets.
In addition, PVC pipes can handle high-pressure water without problems, despite the fact that they weigh less compared to metal ones. It also does not corrode or even rust. And if you need repairs, you won’t have to worry as they are readily available at a fair price.
All these amazing properties make PVC a staple in sanitary systems, especially in vent pipes, sanitary waste structures and drain traps. Perhaps the only major drawback would be its inability to handle hot water. Therefore, it is not the best choice if you have hot showers.
2. CPVC
Did you know that many are now opting for CPVC? One of the main reasons includes better resistance to corrosion and fire as well as more efficient temperature performance. If you’re wondering what CPVC stands for, it actually stands for Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride.
The addition of chlorine makes the pipe fit for potable water. Similar to PVC, it can also withstand high water pressure.
Unlike metal pipes, CPVC pipes are much easier to cut and fit. They can be connected without problems using solvent glue or even plastic filler. Moreover, the tubes can be connected and disassembled by adding clamping fittings with no trouble.
3. ABS
ABS refers to acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. This is quite similar to PVC, but with some disadvantages, such as less flexibility and more susceptibility to degradation.
As a result, more homeowners now prefer PVC pipes to ABS to save money and time. On the bright side, this can still be an outstanding choice, especially for underground pipes and sanitary waste lines where strong tubing is crucial.
4. PEX
PEX stands for cross-linked polyethylene, which is a well-known plastic pipe used for water reserve systems. Like PVC pipes, PEX pipes do not accumulate rust or corrode due to water leaks.
In the same way, these plastic pipes can handle water supply under pressure. And due to its physical properties, PEX can easily pass through existing pipes, making it a perfect choice for re-pipes as well as reinstallations.
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Conclusion
Now that you’re proficient with the most common pipe materials, it’s time to narrow down your options and choose based on your preferences. And if you have any questions, feel free to comment below and we’ll help you as needed.
